A-Flox Capsule 500mg

Description

Indications:
A-Flox is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive organisms, including penicillinase-producing staphylococci. These infections include:

• Skin and soft tissue infections: Boils, abscesses, carbuncles, infected skin conditions (e.g., ulcers, eczema, acne, furunculosis, cellulitis, infected wounds, burns, otitis media and externa, impetigo).
• Respiratory tract infections: Pneumonia, lung abscess, empyema, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, quinsy.
• Other infections: Osteomyelitis, enteritis, endocarditis, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and septicemia caused by A-Flox-sensitive organisms.
• As a prophylactic agent during major surgical procedures, such as cardiothoracic and orthopedic surgery.

Consult a registered healthcare professional before using this medication.

Pharmacology:
Flucloxacillin, a penicillinase-resistant penicillin, is effective against Gram-positive organisms, including penicillinase-producing strains. It has minimal activity against Gram-negative bacilli. Flucloxacillin works by inhibiting the formation of the bacterial cell wall, specifically by interfering with peptidoglycan synthesis. Peptidoglycan provides the bacterial cell wall with mechanical stability. The inhibition of transpeptidase by Flucloxacillin weakens the bacterial cell wall, causing the cell to swell and rupture. Its resistance to penicillinase is attributed to the steric hindrance induced by the acyl side chain, which prevents the β-lactam ring from being opened.

Dosage:
Oral Administration:

• Adults: 250 mg four times daily. In severe infections, the dosage may be doubled. For osteomyelitis and endocarditis, up to 8 gm daily, divided into 6-8 hourly doses.
• Children (2-10 years): Half of the adult dose.
• Children (Under 2 years): Quarter of the adult dose.

Parenteral Administration:

• Intramuscular Injection (Adult or Elderly): 250 mg four times daily.
• Intravenous Injection (Adult or Elderly): 250 mg–1 gm four times daily by slow injection over 3-4 minutes or by intravenous infusion.
• Children (2-10 years): Half of the adult dose.
• Children (Under 2 years): Quarter of the adult dose.
  All systemic doses may be doubled in severe infections, and doses up to 8 g daily may be used for endocarditis or osteomyelitis.

Consult a registered healthcare professional before using this medication.

Administration:
Oral doses should be taken 1 hour before meals for optimal absorption.
Consult a registered healthcare professional before using this medication.

Interaction:
Concurrent use of A-Flox with certain medications may result in prolonged elevated blood levels of A-Flox.

Contraindications:
Flucloxacillin is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to penicillin or any of its excipients.

Side Effects:
Common side effects may include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dyspepsia. Other reported side effects include rashes, urticaria, purpura, fever, interstitial nephritis, hepatitis, and cholestatic jaundice.

Pregnancy & Lactation:
US FDA Pregnancy Category B. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Flucloxacillin should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Flucloxacillin is excreted in human milk, so caution should be exercised when administering to a lactating mother.

Precautions & Warnings:
Use with caution in patients with evidence of hepatic dysfunction or an allergic diathesis.
In severe renal failure (creatinine clearance <10 ml/min), reduce the dose or extend the dosing interval.

Therapeutic Class:
Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins

Reconstitution:
A-Flox has been used in other routes with systemic therapy. It can be administered by intraarticular injection (250-500 mg daily) or intrapleural injection (250 mg daily). For nebulization, 125 mg-250 mg can be dissolved in 3 ml sterile water and inhaled four times daily.

Storage Conditions:
Store in a cool, dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.