Abetis 10 mg

Description

Indications
Abetis Tablet is prescribed for the management of hypertension. It can be used as a standalone treatment or in combination with other antihypertensive medications.
(Use this medication as per the advice of a registered physician.)

Pharmacology
Angiotensin II is synthesized from angiotensin I through a reaction facilitated by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, also known as Kininase II). Angiotensin II is a key component of the renin-angiotensin system, responsible for vasoconstriction, stimulating aldosterone production and release, cardiac excitation, and renal sodium reabsorption. Olmesartan works by selectively inhibiting the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor in vascular smooth muscle, thereby blocking its vasoconstrictive effects. Although the AT2 receptor is present in many tissues, it is not involved in cardiovascular regulation. Olmesartan exhibits an affinity for the AT1 receptor that is over 12,500 times greater than its affinity for the AT2 receptor. Unlike ACE inhibitors, Olmesartan does not inhibit ACE (kininase II) or influence bradykinin responses. The blockade of angiotensin II receptors results in an increase in plasma renin activity and circulating angiotensin II levels, but these effects do not counteract the antihypertensive properties of Olmesartan.

Dosage & Administration
The dosage should be individualized based on patient needs. The standard initial dose of Olmesartan for monotherapy in non-volume-contracted patients is 20 mg once daily. If additional blood pressure reduction is required after two weeks, the dose may be increased to 40 mg per day. Doses exceeding 40 mg do not provide additional benefits. Splitting the daily dose into two smaller doses does not offer an advantage over a single daily dose.

• No initial dose adjustment is necessary for elderly patients or those with moderate to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <40 ml/min) or moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction.
• In patients at risk of intravascular volume depletion (e.g., those on diuretics, particularly those with impaired renal function), Olmesartan should be initiated under medical supervision, and a lower starting dose should be considered.
• Olmesartan can be taken with or without food.
• Pediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of Olmesartan in pediatric patients have not been established.
  (Use this medication as per the advice of a registered physician.)

Drug Interactions

• No significant drug interactions have been observed when Abetis was co-administered with digoxin or warfarin in healthy volunteers.
• The bioavailability of Olmesartan is not significantly affected by concurrent administration of antacids.
• Since Olmesartan is not metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system, it does not interact with drugs that influence these enzymes.
• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), including selective Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, may impair renal function in elderly patients, volume-depleted individuals (including those on diuretics), or those with compromised renal function. In such cases, co-administration with Olmesartan can lead to acute renal failure, though these effects are typically reversible. Regular monitoring of renal function is recommended when using Abetis alongside NSAIDs.

Contraindications
Olmesartan is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its components.

Side Effects
Clinical trials involving more than 3,825 patients, including over 3,275 individuals treated for hypertension, have demonstrated that Abetis is well-tolerated. The occurrence of adverse reactions was comparable to that observed with a placebo, and no dose-related increase in side effects was noted. The withdrawal rate due to adverse reactions in all trials was 2.4% for Abetis and 2.7% for placebo.

• In placebo-controlled trials, dizziness was the only adverse reaction that occurred in more than 1% of patients taking Abetis (3% vs. 1% in the placebo group).
• Other reported adverse reactions occurring in more than 1% of patients (with similar or higher frequency in the placebo group) include back pain, bronchitis, elevated creatine phosphokinase, diarrhea, headache, hematuria, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, influenza-like symptoms, pharyngitis, rhinitis, and sinusitis.
• The incidence of cough was similar in both the placebo (0.7%) and Abetis (0.9%) groups.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• If pregnancy is detected, discontinue Abetis immediately. Use of medications that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy can cause fetal injury or death.
• It is not confirmed whether Olmesartan is excreted in human breast milk, though it has been detected in low concentrations in lactating rats. A decision should be made whether to discontinue breastfeeding or the medication, considering its importance to the mother.

Precautions & Warnings

• Treatment with Abetis may affect renal function, particularly in patients dependent on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system for kidney function (e.g., those with severe congestive heart failure). Cases of oliguria, progressive azotemia, acute renal failure, and, rarely, death have been reported with similar drugs. Similar outcomes may be possible with Abetis.

Overdose Effects
There is no clinical experience with Abetis overdose. However, the most likely symptoms of an overdose include hypotension and tachycardia, while bradycardia may occur due to vagal stimulation. If overdose is suspected, gastric lavage or induced vomiting may be considered. Clinically significant hypotension should be managed with cardiovascular support, including close monitoring of heart and lung function, elevation of extremities, and maintenance of fluid balance and urine output.

Therapeutic Class
Angiotensin II receptor blocker.

Storage Conditions
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

Common Questions about Abetis 10 mg Tablet
What is Abetis 10 mg Tablet used for?
Abetis 10 mg Tablet is an angiotensin II receptor blocker used to treat high blood pressure.

How long does it take for Abetis 10 mg Tablet to show effects?
In most cases, noticeable effects are observed within 1 day to 1 week. Consult your doctor for guidance on treatment duration.

How often should I take Abetis 10 mg Tablet?
It is usually taken once or twice daily. Consult your doctor for the appropriate dosage based on your condition.

Should I take Abetis 10 mg Tablet before or after food?
Abetis 10 mg Tablet can be taken orally with or without food. However, taking it on an empty stomach may cause mild discomfort. Consult your doctor for personalized advice.

Storage and Disposal Instructions
Store at room temperature, away from heat and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

Quick Tips

• Take Abetis 10 mg Tablet at the same time every day to maintain consistency.
• It may cause dizziness, especially during the first few days. Stand up slowly if you feel lightheaded.
• Your doctor may periodically monitor kidney function and potassium levels while using this medication.
• Avoid taking NSAIDs such as ibuprofen without medical advice.
• Avoid potassium supplements and potassium-rich foods like bananas, coconut water, and broccoli.
• Do not take Abetis if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Do not stop using Abetis abruptly without consulting your doctor.
  (Use this medication as per the advice of a registered physician.)