Abetis 20 mg

Description

Indications

Abetis Tablet is prescribed for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure). It can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive medications as advised by a healthcare professional.

Pharmacology

Angiotensin II is produced from angiotensin I through a reaction catalyzed by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, also known as Kininase II). Angiotensin II plays a crucial role in blood pressure regulation by causing blood vessel constriction, stimulating the production and release of aldosterone, increasing cardiac activity, and promoting sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.

Olmesartan, the active component of Abetis, works by selectively blocking the AT1 receptor in vascular smooth muscle, preventing the vasoconstrictive effects of angiotensin II. Although an AT2 receptor exists in various tissues, it does not play a direct role in cardiovascular regulation. Olmesartan has an extremely high binding affinity for the AT1 receptor, over 12,500 times greater than for the AT2 receptor.

Unlike ACE inhibitors, Olmesartan does not inhibit ACE (kininase II) and does not impact bradykinin levels. It effectively lowers blood pressure by reducing angiotensin II activity while allowing plasma renin activity to increase without counteracting its own antihypertensive effects.

Dosage & Administration

The dosage should be tailored to the patient’s individual needs.

• Initial Dose: The usual starting dose is 20 mg once daily for patients without volume depletion.
• Dose Adjustment: If additional blood pressure reduction is needed after two weeks, the dosage may be increased to 40 mg once daily. Doses beyond 40 mg do not provide added benefits.
• Elderly Patients: No initial dosage adjustment is required for elderly patients.
• Patients with Renal or Hepatic Impairment: No specific dose adjustment is necessary for patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <40 mL/min) or moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction.
• Volume-Depleted Patients: Patients who may have reduced blood volume (e.g., those taking diuretics) should start treatment under close medical supervision, potentially with a lower initial dose.
• Paediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of this medication in children have not been established.

Abetis can be taken with or without food. Always follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare provider.

Drug Interactions

• No significant drug interactions were found when Olmesartan was co-administered with digoxin or warfarin in clinical studies.
• The bioavailability of Olmesartan remains unaffected by antacid co-administration.
• Since Olmesartan is not metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system, it does not interact with drugs affecting P450 enzymes.
• NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs): Co-administration of NSAIDs, including selective COX-2 inhibitors, may impair renal function, particularly in elderly patients, volume-depleted individuals, or those with compromised kidney function. Monitoring renal function periodically is recommended.
• Antihypertensive Effects: The blood pressure-lowering effect of Olmesartan may be reduced when taken with NSAIDs.

Contraindications

Abetis is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to any of its components.

Side Effects

Abetis has been evaluated in over 3,825 patients, including more than 3,275 with hypertension. Clinical trials indicate that the drug is well-tolerated, with adverse effects occurring at similar rates to those seen with a placebo. The most common side effect reported was dizziness (3% in Abetis users vs. 1% in placebo users).

Other adverse reactions occurring in more than 1% of patients include back pain, bronchitis, increased creatine phosphokinase levels, diarrhea, headache, hematuria, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, flu-like symptoms, pharyngitis, rhinitis, and sinusitis. Cough incidence was comparable between placebo (0.7%) and Abetis users (0.9%).

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Pregnancy: If pregnancy is detected, discontinue Abetis immediately. Drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system can cause fetal injury or death when used in the second and third trimesters.
• Lactation: It is unclear whether Olmesartan is excreted in human breast milk, though it has been detected in the milk of lactating rats. Due to potential risks to nursing infants, either discontinuation of the drug or breastfeeding should be considered based on the mother’s need for treatment.

Precautions & Warnings

• Patients with compromised renal function may experience worsening kidney function when taking Abetis.
• Those with severe congestive heart failure or dependent on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system for kidney function may be at risk of oliguria, progressive azotemia, acute renal failure, or death.

Overdose Effects

• Symptoms of overdose may include hypotension and tachycardia. Bradycardia may occur due to vagal stimulation.
• In case of overdose, gastric lavage or induction of vomiting may be considered. Supportive measures, such as monitoring cardiovascular function, elevating extremities, and ensuring adequate circulation and urine output, should be undertaken.

Therapeutic Class

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

Storage Conditions

• Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, protected from light and moisture.
• Keep out of reach of children.

Chemical Structure

• Molecular Formula: C29H30N6O6

Common Questions about Abetis 20 mg Tablet

• What is Abetis 20 mg Tablet used for?
  It is an angiotensin II receptor blocker used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure).
• How long does it take to see results?
  The peak effect is typically observed within 1 day to 1 week, though this may vary. Consult your doctor for details.
• How frequently should I take Abetis?
  It is usually taken once or twice daily as directed by a physician.
• Should I take it before or after meals?
  Abetis can be taken with or without food. If stomach discomfort occurs, taking it with food may help.
• How should I store and dispose of Abetis?
  Store at room temperature, away from heat and light. Keep it out of children’s reach. Dispose of expired or unused medication responsibly.

Quick Tips

• Take Abetis at the same time daily to maintain consistency.
• The medication may cause dizziness initially; get up slowly from a sitting or lying position.
• Regular blood tests may be required to monitor kidney function and electrolyte levels.
• Avoid NSAIDs like ibuprofen unless advised by a doctor.
• Do not consume potassium supplements or high-potassium foods (e.g., bananas, coconut water, broccoli) without consulting your doctor.
• Avoid use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Do not discontinue use without consulting your physician.