Abetis 40 mg

Description

Indications
Abetis 40 mg Tablet is prescribed for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure). It can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive medications.

Pharmacology
Angiotensin II is generated from angiotensin I through a reaction facilitated by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, Kininase II). Angiotensin II is a key component of the renin-angiotensin system, responsible for vasoconstriction, stimulation of aldosterone release, cardiac stimulation, and renal sodium reabsorption. Olmesartan, the active ingredient in Abetis, inhibits the vasoconstrictive effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking its binding to the AT1 receptor in vascular smooth muscle. While an AT2 receptor is also present in various tissues, it does not play a significant role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Olmesartan exhibits over 12,500 times greater affinity for the AT1 receptor than for the AT2 receptor. It does not inhibit ACE or interfere with bradykinin responses. By blocking angiotensin II receptors, olmesartan prevents the negative feedback on renin secretion, leading to increased plasma renin activity and angiotensin II levels, which do not counteract its antihypertensive effects.

Dosage & Administration
The dosage should be personalized based on the patient’s condition. The recommended starting dose of Olmesartan is 20 mg once daily for patients without volume depletion. If additional blood pressure control is needed after two weeks, the dose may be increased to 40 mg once daily. Higher doses do not provide additional benefits. Splitting the daily dose into two does not improve efficacy.

Elderly patients, those with moderate to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <40 ml/min), or those with moderate to severe liver dysfunction do not require initial dose adjustments. However, for patients with potential intravascular volume depletion (such as those on diuretics or with impaired renal function), Olmesartan should be initiated under close medical supervision, possibly at a lower dose.

Olmesartan can be taken with or without food.

Pediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of Olmesartan in pediatric patients have not been established.

Drug Interactions
Clinical studies indicate no significant drug interactions between Abetis and digoxin or warfarin. The bioavailability of Olmesartan remains unchanged with antacid co-administration. Abetis is not metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system and does not interact with drugs affecting these enzymes. However, in elderly patients, those with volume depletion, or those with compromised kidney function, concurrent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including selective COX-2 inhibitors, with Abetis may cause a decline in renal function, including acute renal failure. These effects are typically reversible, so renal function should be monitored regularly in patients on both Abetis and NSAIDs. Additionally, NSAIDs may reduce the antihypertensive effects of Abetis.

Contraindications
Abetis should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to Olmesartan or any component of this medication.

Side Effects
Clinical trials involving over 3,825 participants, including more than 3,275 hypertension patients, showed that Abetis is well-tolerated, with an adverse event rate similar to placebo. Adverse effects were not dose-dependent, and no significant differences were observed across gender, age, or race groups. The discontinuation rate due to side effects was 2.4% for Abetis and 2.7% for placebo.

The most common side effect reported more frequently than placebo was dizziness (3% vs. 1%). Other side effects, occurring at similar or slightly higher rates than placebo, included back pain, bronchitis, elevated creatine phosphokinase, diarrhea, headache, hematuria, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, flu-like symptoms, pharyngitis, rhinitis, and sinusitis. The incidence of cough was comparable between placebo (0.7%) and Abetis (0.9%) groups.

Pregnancy & Lactation
If pregnancy is detected, Abetis should be discontinued immediately. Medications that act on the renin-angiotensin system, when taken during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, can cause fetal injury or death. While it is unclear whether Olmesartan is excreted in human milk, studies indicate its presence in low concentrations in lactating rats. Due to potential risks to nursing infants, a decision should be made to discontinue the drug or breastfeeding based on the drug’s importance to the mother.

Precautions & Warnings
Olmesartan can affect renal function in susceptible individuals by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Patients with conditions such as severe congestive heart failure may experience reduced urine output, progressive azotemia, and, in rare cases, acute renal failure or death. Similar concerns apply to patients treated with Abetis.

Overdose Effects
There is limited clinical experience regarding Abetis overdose. The most probable symptoms include hypotension and tachycardia, while bradycardia may occur due to vagal stimulation. If ingestion is recent, gastric lavage or induced vomiting may be considered. Severe hypotension resulting from overdose should be managed by cardiovascular support, including close monitoring of heart and lung function, elevating extremities, and ensuring proper fluid balance and urine output.

Therapeutic Class
Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)

Storage Conditions
Store in a cool and dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Chemical Information

• Molecular Formula: C29H30N6O6
• Chemical Structure: Olmesartan Medoxomil

Common Questions About Abetis 40 mg Tablet

• What is Abetis 40 mg Tablet used for?
  Abetis 40 mg Tablet is an angiotensin II receptor blocker used to manage high blood pressure.
• How long does it take for Abetis 40 mg Tablet to show results?
  The onset of action varies, but noticeable effects are usually observed within 1 day to 1 week. Consult your doctor for personalized advice.
• How frequently should I take Abetis 40 mg Tablet?
  It is usually taken once or twice daily, depending on the condition. Always follow your doctor’s instructions.
• Should I take Abetis 40 mg Tablet with or without food?
  Abetis can be taken with or without food. However, taking it on an empty stomach may cause mild stomach discomfort.
• How should Abetis 40 mg Tablet be stored and disposed of?
  Store at room temperature, away from heat and light. Keep it out of children’s reach.

Quick Tips

• Take Abetis at the same time every day to maintain consistency.
• You may feel dizzy initially; rise slowly when changing positions.
• Your doctor may monitor your blood potassium, creatinine, and urea levels.
• Avoid using NSAIDs like ibuprofen without medical advice.
• Limit potassium-rich foods like bananas, coconut water, and broccoli.
• Do not use Abetis during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Do not stop taking Abetis suddenly; consult your doctor first.