Alzolam 0.25 mg

Description

Indications
Alzolam is prescribed for the following conditions:

• Anxiety disorders
• Short-term relief of anxiety
• Anxiety associated with depression
• Panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia

Use this medication only as directed by a registered physician.

Pharmacology
Alprazolam belongs to the 1,4-benzodiazepine class and is a triazole derivative. It is an anxiolytic agent with hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties. The drug is believed to exert its effects by interacting with the Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) benzodiazepine receptor complex, enhancing GABAergic neurotransmission. Similar to other benzodiazepines, its central nervous system (CNS) depressant effects vary with dosage, ranging from mild impairment of cognitive function to sedation and hypnosis.

Dosage & Administration

• The initial recommended dose is 0.25 mg to 0.5 mg, taken three times daily.
• Dosage may be increased at 3 to 4-day intervals by increments of no more than 1 mg per day, based on patient response.
• The maximum daily dose should not exceed 4 mg.
• In certain cases of panic disorder, patients may require doses up to 10 mg per day. Such cases should be carefully monitored, with periodic reassessment of dosage.

Dosage should be individualized to achieve the desired therapeutic effect with the lowest effective dose. If side effects occur at the initial dose, a dose reduction may be necessary. When discontinuing treatment, the dose should be gradually tapered by no more than 0.5 mg every three days to prevent withdrawal symptoms.

• Elderly patients or those with liver impairment should start with 0.25 mg, taken two to three times daily. The dose may be increased gradually, based on tolerance and need.
• Alprazolam 1 mg tablets should be taken once daily, preferably in the morning, by patients who were previously on multiple doses of 0.25 mg or 0.5 mg. The tablet must be swallowed whole and should not be chewed, crushed, or broken.

Use this medication only as directed by a registered physician.

Drug Interactions
The CNS depressant effects of Alzolam may be intensified when used alongside:

• Other psychotropic medications
• Anticonvulsants
• Antihistamines
• Alcohol
• Oral contraceptives

Side Effects
Side effects are generally observed at the start of therapy and often subside with continued use. The most common side effects include:

• Drowsiness
• Light-headedness

Other possible side effects include:

• Depression
• Headache
• Confusion
• Dry mouth
• Constipation

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Alprazolam falls under Pregnancy Category D, meaning it should be avoided during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus.
• Since Alprazolam is likely to be excreted in breast milk, breastfeeding is not recommended for mothers who require this medication.

Precautions & Warnings

• Alzolam may lead to psychological and physical dependence. Therefore, dose escalation or abrupt discontinuation should only be done under medical supervision.
• The duration of treatment should be determined by the prescribing physician.
• Caution is advised for patients with:
  • Liver or kidney disease
  • Chronic pulmonary insufficiency
  • Sleep apnea

Use in Special Populations
The safety and efficacy of Alzolam in individuals under 18 years of age have not been established.

Overdose Effects
Symptoms of Alzolam overdose may include:

• Excessive drowsiness
• Confusion
• Impaired coordination
• Reduced reflexes
• Coma

In case of overdose, immediate medical attention is required. Treatment involves general supportive measures and gastric lavage if necessary.

Therapeutic Class
Benzodiazepine Sedatives

Storage Conditions

• Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture.
• Keep out of reach of children.