Axofen 120 mg

Description

Indications

Axofen is an antihistamine that is primarily used to relieve symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis (both seasonal and perennial). It is suitable for both adults and children aged 12 years and above. The symptoms it effectively treats include sneezing, nasal congestion (rhinorrhea), itchy and watery eyes, and an itchy nose, palate, or throat.

Axofen is also indicated for chronic idiopathic urticaria, providing relief from hives and associated itching.

Pharmacology

The active ingredient in Axofen, Fexofenadine, works by targeting the H1 histamine receptor. Histamine is a chemical released during allergic reactions, which binds to these receptors, triggering inflammation and symptoms like itching, sneezing, and watery eyes.

Fexofenadine functions as an “inverse agonist” for the H1 receptor, which means it stabilizes the receptor in its inactive form, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent allergic reactions. It has a strong and selective affinity for H1 receptors, without exhibiting sedative effects or interactions with other neurotransmitter systems, such as dopamine or serotonin. Fexofenadine does not cross the blood-brain barrier, meaning it is unlikely to cause any significant central nervous system (CNS) effects.

Dosage and Administration

For Allergic Rhinitis:

• Adults and children aged 12 years and above:
  • 60 mg twice daily, or
  • 120 mg once daily, or
  • 180 mg once daily
  • For patients with impaired renal function, the dose should be reduced to 60 mg once daily.
• Children aged 6 to 11 years:
  • 30 mg twice daily, or
  • 60 mg once daily
  • In cases of renal impairment, reduce the dose to 30 mg once daily.
• Children aged 2 to 11 years:
  • Suspension: 30 mg (5 ml) twice daily
  • In renal impairment, reduce to 30 mg (5 ml) once daily.

For Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria:

• Adults and children aged 12 years and above:

  • 60 mg twice daily, or
  • 120 mg once daily, or
  • 180 mg once daily
  • For impaired renal function, administer 60 mg once daily.

• Children aged 6 to 11 years:

  • 30 mg twice daily, or
  • 60 mg once daily
  • For renal impairment, reduce the dose to 30 mg once daily.

• Children aged 6 months to 2 years:

  • Suspension: 15 mg (2.5 ml) twice daily
  • In renal impairment, the dose should be reduced to 15 mg (2.5 ml) once daily.

• Children aged 2 to 11 years:

  • Suspension: 30 mg (5 ml) twice daily
  • For renal impairment, reduce the dose to 30 mg (5 ml) once daily.

Interaction

Axofen does not undergo significant hepatic metabolism and, therefore, does not interact with other medications via liver processes. However, co-administration with erythromycin or ketoconazole can increase the plasma concentration of Fexofenadine by 2-3 times. These changes do not affect the QT interval or lead to increased side effects. It is advised to wait at least 2 hours between taking Axofen and antacids containing aluminum and magnesium hydroxide as they can reduce its absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

Contraindications

Axofen is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine Hydrochloride or any of its components.

Side Effects

Common side effects include:

• Nervous system disorders: headache, dizziness, drowsiness
• Gastrointestinal issues: nausea
• General discomfort: fatigue

In rare cases, more serious side effects may include:

• Allergic reactions: such as swelling (angioedema), chest tightness, difficulty breathing (dyspnea), and systemic anaphylaxis
• Cardiovascular reactions: such as tachycardia and palpitations
• Skin issues: rash, hives, and itching

Pregnancy and Lactation

• Pregnancy: There is limited data on the use of Fexofenadine during pregnancy. Animal studies do not indicate any harm to the pregnancy or fetal development, but the drug should only be used if clearly necessary.
• Breastfeeding: Fexofenadine can pass into breast milk, and therefore, is not recommended for breastfeeding mothers unless absolutely necessary.

Precautions and Warnings

• Axofen should be used cautiously in elderly patients and those with renal or hepatic impairments.
• Cardiovascular diseases: Patients with heart conditions should use this medication with caution as antihistamines have been linked to side effects like tachycardia.
• Driving and machinery use: Axofen is unlikely to impair CNS function; however, it is advisable to assess individual reactions before driving or performing complex tasks.

Overdose Effects

Symptoms of overdose may include dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, and dry mouth. In clinical studies, doses of up to 800 mg and daily doses of 690 mg for extended periods have not shown significant adverse reactions. In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. Haemodialysis is not effective in removing Fexofenadine from the blood.

Storage Conditions

Store in a dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of reach of children.

Chemical Structure

• Molecular Formula: C32H39NO4
• Structure: [Chemical Structure of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride]

Common Questions About Axofen 120 mg Tablet

• What is Axofen 120 mg Tablet?
  Axofen 120 mg Tablet is an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions, such as hay fever, runny nose, and itching.

• How does Axofen work?
  It works by blocking histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.

• Can Axofen cause sleepiness?
  Though less likely than other antihistamines, sleepiness is a potential side effect of Axofen. Always assess your own response before engaging in activities requiring focus, like driving.

• Is Axofen effective for both indoor and outdoor allergies?
  Yes, Axofen can help alleviate symptoms caused by both indoor (like dust and pet dander) and outdoor allergens (like pollen).

• What should I do if I miss a dose?
  If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose—do not double up.