Bactin 500 mg

Weight 0.15 g

৳ 16.00

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  • Type: Tablet
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Description

Indications:

Bactin is an antibiotic indicated for the treatment of both single and mixed infections caused by two or more susceptible organisms. It is particularly useful for infections caused by bacteria that are resistant to other common antibiotics, including Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, and Cephalosporins.

Pharmacology:

Ciprofloxacin, the active ingredient in Bactin, is a synthetic quinolone antibiotic that exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. It is effective against a wide range of gram-negative aerobic bacteria, including Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ciprofloxacin also has activity against certain gram-positive bacteria, such as penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase-producing staphylococci, as well as methicillin-resistant staphylococci. However, many strains of streptococci may exhibit relative resistance to Ciprofloxacin.

The bactericidal effect of Ciprofloxacin is due to its interference with DNA gyrase, an enzyme essential for bacterial DNA synthesis. When taken orally, Ciprofloxacin is rapidly and efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is widely distributed throughout the body’s tissues and fluids. It has a half-life of approximately 3.5 hours, with 30% to 50% of an oral dose being excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours, along with its active metabolites.

Dosage:

The appropriate dosage of Bactin (Ciprofloxacin) depends on the severity of the infection, the causative microorganism’s sensitivity, and the patient’s age, weight, and renal function.

  • Adults: The typical dosage for adults ranges from 100 mg to 750 mg twice daily.

    • Urinary Tract Infections: 250–500 mg twice daily, depending on severity.
    • Respiratory Tract Infections: 250–500 mg twice daily, with 750 mg twice daily for known Streptococcus pneumonia infections.
    • Gonorrhea: A single dose of 250 or 500 mg.
    • Other Infections: 500–750 mg twice daily.
    • Cystic Fibrosis: 750 mg twice daily for pseudomonal infections in the lower respiratory tract.
  • Renal Impairment: Dosage adjustments are generally unnecessary unless severe renal impairment is present (serum creatinine >265 µmol/l or creatinine clearance <20 ml/min), in which case the daily dose may be halved.

  • Elderly: No dosage adjustments are required, although elderly patients may experience higher serum levels of Ciprofloxacin.

  • Pediatrics and Adolescents: Ciprofloxacin is not recommended for children and adolescents unless the benefits outweigh the risks. For cases where its use is deemed necessary, the dosage should be 7.5–15 mg/kg/day, depending on the infection’s severity, administered in two divided doses.

Duration of Treatment:

  • Acute Infections: Treatment typically lasts 5 to 10 days, with the general recommendation to continue therapy for 3 days after symptoms resolve.

  • Extended-Release Tablets: In the case of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (acute cystitis), the recommended dose is a 1000 mg tablet once daily for three days.

  • IV Infusion:

    • Urinary Tract Infections: 200 mg every 12 hours for mild to moderate cases; 400 mg every 12 hours for severe cases.
    • Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: 400 mg every 12 hours for mild to moderate cases; 400 mg every 8 hours for severe or complicated cases.
    • Nosocomial Pneumonia: 400 mg every 8 hours for 10–14 days.
    • Skin Infections: 400 mg every 12 hours for mild to moderate infections; every 8 hours for severe cases.
    • Bone and Joint Infections: 400 mg every 12 hours for more than 4-6 weeks for mild to moderate cases; every 8 hours for severe cases.
    • Acute Sinusitis: 400 mg every 12 hours for 10 days.
    • Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis: 400 mg every 12 hours for 28 days.

Administration Instructions for IV Infusion:

  • Ensure there are no leaks in the infusion bag by squeezing it firmly. Discard if any leaks or compromised seals are found.
  • Do not use the solution if it is cloudy or contains precipitates.
  • Do not use flexible bags in series connections.
  • Close the flow control clamp of the administration set.
  • Remove the cover from the port at the bottom of the bag and insert the administration set’s piercing pin into the port with a twisting motion.
  • Suspend the bag from a hanger and squeeze the drip chamber to establish the proper fluid level during the infusion.
  • Open the flow control clamp to expel air from the system, then close it and regulate the infusion rate.

Interactions:

Concurrent administration of Bactin should be avoided with magnesium or aluminum-containing antacids, sucralfate, or supplements containing calcium, iron, or zinc, as these can significantly reduce the absorption of Ciprofloxacin. It is recommended to take these substances two hours after or six hours before Bactin. Similarly, Bactin should not be taken with milk or dairy products, as absorption may be compromised. However, dietary calcium within a meal does not significantly affect absorption.

Contraindications:

Bactin is contraindicated in patients who have a history of hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin or any other quinolones.

Side Effects:

Potential side effects of Bactin may include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, dyspepsia, and abdominal pain. Central nervous system effects such as headache, dizziness, confusion, and seizures, as well as hypersensitivity reactions like skin rash (including rare but serious conditions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome), joint pain, photosensitivity, and transient liver enzyme increases, may occur. Other possible effects include hypoglycemia and mental health disturbances.

Pregnancy and Lactation:

Ciprofloxacin has not been shown to cause teratogenicity or fertility impairment in animal studies. However, like other quinolones, it can cause joint issues in immature animals. Therefore, its use during pregnancy is not recommended. Ciprofloxacin is excreted in breast milk, so its use in nursing mothers is contraindicated.

Precautions:

Ciprofloxacin should be used cautiously in patients with central nervous system disorders (e.g., arteriosclerosis, epilepsy), as it may predispose them to seizures. It can be taken with or without food, and it is important to drink plenty of fluids during treatment. Concurrent use with antacids or dairy products should be avoided, as discussed above.

Use in Special Populations:

Although effective in clinical settings, Ciprofloxacin is not recommended as a first-line treatment for pediatric patients.

Overdose Effects:

Overdosing on Ciprofloxacin can result in seizures, confusion, abdominal discomfort, renal and hepatic impairment, and potential crystalluria or hematuria, as well as reversible renal toxicity.

Therapeutic Class:

Ciprofloxacin is classified as a 4-Quinolone antibiotic and is part of the antimicrobial drug class used for anti-diarrheal treatment.

Storage Conditions:

Store Bactin below 30°C, away from light and moisture, and out of reach of children.


Please consult with a registered healthcare provider before use.

Additional information

Weight 0.15 g

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