Bislol 5 mg

Description

Indications

Bislol 5 mg Tablet is prescribed for the following conditions:

• Hypertension (High blood pressure)
• Angina (Chest pain)
• Moderate to severe heart failure

Please note that Bislol is not intended for use in the emergency treatment of hypertensive crises.

Use only as directed by a registered healthcare professional.

Pharmacology

Bislol contains Bisoprolol Fumarate, a highly selective ß1-adrenergic blocker. It binds preferentially to ß1 receptors in the heart and smooth muscles of blood vessels, reducing heart rate and cardiac output, which helps lower blood pressure. Unlike non-selective ß-blockers, Bisoprolol does not negatively affect lipid metabolism or the beneficial HDL cholesterol during long-term use.

The pharmacokinetics of Bisoprolol enable once-daily dosing, with minimal variability in plasma concentrations, ensuring consistent therapeutic effects.

• Absorption & Bioavailability: Bisoprolol is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with an absorption rate of over 90%. The drug has a bioavailability of about 88%, and its absorption is not affected by food intake.
• Distribution: The drug is widely distributed throughout the body, with a mean distribution volume of 3.51 L/kg.
• Metabolism: Bisoprolol undergoes oxidative metabolism in the liver, primarily through the CYP3A4 enzyme, producing inactive metabolites that are eliminated through the kidneys.
• Elimination: Bisoprolol is cleared from the body with approximately equal contributions from renal elimination (50%) and hepatic metabolism (50%). Its half-life is between 10-12 hours.

Dosage & Administration

• Adults: For the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension, the usual starting dose is 5 mg once daily, either alone or with a diuretic. Depending on the response, the dose may be increased to 10 mg or 20 mg daily. A 2-week interval should be maintained between dose adjustments.
• Children: The safety and efficacy of Bisoprolol in children have not been established.
• Renal & Hepatic Impairment: For patients with liver or kidney problems (creatinine clearance below 40 mL/min), the starting dose should be 5 mg. Close monitoring is recommended due to the risk of drug accumulation. Bisoprolol is not dialyzable, so dialysis is not necessary.
• Geriatrics: Dose adjustments are typically unnecessary unless significant renal or hepatic dysfunction is present.

Always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider.

Interactions

• Other ß-blockers: Bislol should not be used with other ß-blockers.
• Catecholamine-Depleting Drugs: Caution is advised when combined with drugs like reserpine or guanethidine, as the combination may result in excessive sympathetic activity reduction.
• Centrally Active Antihypertensives: Using Bislol with clonidine may exacerbate rebound hypertension. If both drugs are prescribed, Bislol should be discontinued several days before stopping clonidine.
• Antiarrhythmic & Calcium Channel Blockers: Caution is required when combining Bislol with calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil, diltiazem) or antiarrhythmic drugs, as this may cause severe hypotension, bradycardia, or heart failure.

Contraindications

Bislol should not be used in individuals with the following conditions:

• Cardiogenic shock
• Severe heart failure
• Second- or third-degree AV block
• Right ventricular failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension
• Sinus bradycardia

Side Effects

Possible side effects of Bislol include:

• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Headache
• Gastrointestinal issues (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain)
• Cold or numb extremities
• Muscle cramps or weakness
• Slow heart rate or breathing difficulties (particularly in people with asthma or COPD)

However, not all individuals will experience these side effects.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Pregnancy: While Bisoprolol fumarate did not cause birth defects in animal studies at high doses, there is no human data available. It should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits outweigh the risks to the fetus.
• Lactation: Bisoprolol is excreted in rat milk in small amounts. It is not known if it passes into human breast milk, so mothers should consider discontinuing breastfeeding if Bisoprolol is deemed essential.

Precautions & Warnings

• Renal or Hepatic Impairment: Caution should be taken when dosing Bisolol in patients with liver or kidney dysfunction.
• Anaphylactic Reactions: Patients with a history of severe allergic reactions may be less responsive to standard epinephrine doses while taking beta-blockers.
• Discontinuation: Do not suddenly stop taking Bisolol, as this may cause a rapid increase in blood pressure and heart rate, leading to potential cardiovascular complications.

Therapeutic Class

• Anti-adrenergic agents (Beta-blockers)
• Beta-adrenoceptor blockers

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.

Chemical Information

• Molecular Formula: C18H31NO4
• Chemical Structure: [Chemical Structure of Bisoprolol Fumarate]

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is Bislol 5 mg Tablet?
   Bislol 5 mg Tablet is a beta-blocker used to lower blood pressure, reduce heart workload, and relieve chest pain.

2. What is Bislol used for?
   Bislol helps manage high blood pressure (hypertension), chest pain (angina), and heart failure by slowing the heart rate and dilating blood vessels.

3. How should I take Bislol?
   Bislol should be taken once daily, with or without food, preferably at the same time each day.

4. What are the side effects?
   Common side effects may include dizziness, fatigue, headache, slow heart rate, cold extremities, and breathing difficulties in sensitive individuals.

5. Is Bislol safe?
   Bislol is generally safe but should be taken under a doctor’s supervision, particularly if you have pre-existing health conditions.

6. When should I take Bislol?
   Bislol is best taken after food in the prescribed dosage.

7. How should I store Bislol?
   Store the tablet in its original packaging in a dry, cool place, away from children and pets.

Quick Tips

• Bislol may cause dizziness; rise slowly from a seated position to avoid lightheadedness.
• For diabetic patients, monitor blood sugar levels regularly as Bislol may mask the symptoms of low blood sugar.
• Do not abruptly discontinue Bislol to avoid a sudden rise in blood pressure.

Always follow the advice of your registered healthcare provider.