Ceftid 400 mg

Description

Indications

Ceftid is an orally active cephalosporin antibiotic with potent bactericidal activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. It is indicated for the treatment of acute infections caused by susceptible microorganisms, including:

• Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTI): E.g., otitis media, and other URTIs where the causative organism is known or suspected to be resistant to other commonly used antibiotics, or where treatment failure may carry significant risk.
• Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: E.g., bronchitis.
• Urinary Tract Infections: E.g., cystitis, cystourethritis, and pyelonephritis. Cefixime is effective against commonly occurring pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella species, Haemophilus influenzae (both beta-lactamase positive and negative), Moraxella catarrhalis (both beta-lactamase positive and negative), and Enterobacter species.

Ceftid is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes.

Pharmacology

Cefixime is a third-generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration. It is bactericidal against a broad spectrum of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at easily achievable plasma concentrations. Cefixime works by disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase, making it effective against organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalosporins due to beta-lactamase production. Its absorption is approximately 40-50%, whether taken with or without food.

Dosage & Administration

The usual course of treatment is 7 days, which can be extended to 14 days if necessary.

• Adults and children over 10 years: 200-400 mg daily based on the infection severity, either as a single dose or in two divided doses.
• Elderly: Same dosage as adults, but renal function should be assessed, and dosage adjusted for severe renal impairment.
• Children (6 months and older):
  • 6 months to 1 year: 3.75 ml daily
  • 1-4 years: 5 ml daily
  • 5-10 years: 10 ml daily
  • In typhoid, the recommended dose is 5 mg/kg twice daily for 10-14 days.
• Renal Impairment: Adjust the dosage for creatinine clearance less than 20 ml/min. The recommended dose for such patients is a maximum of 200 mg once daily.

Interaction

As with other cephalosporins, increases in prothrombin time may occur, especially in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy.

Contraindications

• Known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics.

Side Effects

Ceftid is generally well-tolerated, with most adverse reactions being mild and self-limiting. Common side effects include:

• Gastrointestinal disturbances: Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, vomiting, flatulence. Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported.
• Central nervous system: Headache, dizziness.
• Hypersensitivity reactions: Rash, pruritus, urticaria, drug fever, arthralgia.
• Hematological: Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, eosinophilia.
• Miscellaneous: Genital pruritis, vaginitis.

Pregnancy & Lactation

There are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Cefixime should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed. It is not known whether Cefixime is excreted in human milk, so caution should be exercised when administered to nursing mothers.

Precautions & Warnings

Ceftid should be used with caution in patients with hypersensitivity to other drugs, especially in those sensitive to penicillins, as cross-allergenicity between penicillins and cephalosporins may occur. Ceftid should also be used cautiously in patients with impaired renal function and in those at risk for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

Overdose Effects

In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. Cefixime is not significantly removed by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. In clinical trials, adverse reactions at doses up to 2 g were similar to those seen at recommended doses.

Therapeutic Class

• Third-generation Cephalosporins

Storage Conditions

• Store below 30ºC, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

Chemical Structure

• Molecular Formula: C16H15N5O7S2

Common Questions about Ceftid 400 mg Capsule

• What is Ceftid 400 mg Capsule?
  Ceftid 400 mg Capsule is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, such as UTIs, bronchitis, and tonsillitis. It works by inhibiting the formation of the bacterial cell wall.

• What are the side effects of Ceftid 400 mg Capsule?
  Common side effects include diarrhea, abdominal pain, dizziness, nausea, and allergic reactions like rash. Serious side effects may include difficulty breathing, swelling, or severe abdominal issues.

• How should I store Ceftid 400 mg Capsule?
  Store in a cool, dry place, away from light. Keep out of the reach of children and pets. Dispose of expired medications properly.

• Can Ceftid 400 mg Capsule be used for viral infections?
  No, this antibiotic is ineffective against viral infections such as the flu or common cold.

• Can I take Ceftid 400 mg Capsule with food?
  Yes, taking it with food can help avoid stomach upset.

• What if I miss a dose?
  If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.

• Can I take alcohol with Ceftid 400 mg Capsule?
  It’s best to avoid alcohol as it may increase side effects.