Ciprocin 500 mg

Description

Indications

Ciprocin is used for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria, including both single and mixed infections caused by two or more organisms. It is effective against infections that are resistant to other antibiotics such as Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, and Cephalosporins.

It is indicated for the treatment of various bacterial infections including:

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase producing strains), or Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Sinusitis and respiratory infections.
• Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Gonorrhoea, and other bacterial infections.

Note: Always take this medicine according to a registered medical professional’s advice.

Pharmacology

Ciprocin contains Ciprofloxacin, a synthetic antibiotic belonging to the quinolone class. Ciprofloxacin has a broad spectrum of activity and is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive aerobic bacteria. This includes Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is also active against methicillin-resistant staphylococci and penicillinase-producing bacteria, although it is relatively less effective against many strains of streptococci.

Ciprofloxacin exerts its bactericidal effect by interfering with the enzyme DNA gyrase, which is necessary for bacterial DNA synthesis. After oral administration, Ciprofloxacin is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with a half-life of approximately 3.5 hours. It is widely distributed throughout the body and is excreted primarily in the urine, both as unchanged drug and biologically active metabolites.

Dosage

The dosage of Ciprocin depends on the severity and type of infection, as well as the patient’s age, weight, and renal function.

For Adults:

• Urinary Tract Infections: 250-500 mg twice daily.
• Respiratory Tract Infections: 250-500 mg twice daily. For Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, use 750 mg twice daily.
• Gonorrhoea: A single dose of 250 mg or 500 mg.
• Other Infections: 500-750 mg twice daily.

For Cystic Fibrosis:

• Adults with Pseudomonal infections in the lower respiratory tract: 750 mg twice daily.

For Children (3 months to 12 years):

• The use of Ciprofloxacin in children is generally not recommended due to concerns over potential joint issues. However, if considered necessary, the dosage is 7.5-15 mg/kg/day depending on infection severity, administered in two divided doses.

For Renal Impairment:

• No adjustment is typically necessary for mild renal impairment. For severe impairment (serum creatinine >265 µmol/L or creatinine clearance <20 ml/min), reduce the total daily dose by half.

For IV Infusion:

• Urinary Tract Infections: 200-400 mg twice daily for 7-14 days depending on the severity.
• Respiratory Infections: 400 mg twice daily for 7-14 days.
• Pneumonia and Skin Infections: 400 mg twice or thrice daily for 7-14 days, based on severity.

Administration

For IV Infusion:

1. Check the bag for leaks before use.
2. Do not use if the solution is cloudy or has precipitates.
3. Follow the instructions for proper administration: Insert the piercing pin into the port, squeeze the drip chamber, and adjust the flow control clamp.

Note: Always follow the instructions of a registered medical professional.

Drug Interactions

• Avoid concurrent use of Ciprocin with magnesium, aluminum-containing antacids, sucralfate, or any products containing calcium, iron, or zinc. These should be taken 2 hours after or 6 hours before Ciprocin.
• Ciprocin should not be consumed with milk or dairy products as it can significantly reduce absorption.

Contraindications

• Ciprocin is contraindicated for patients with a known allergy to Ciprofloxacin or other quinolones.

Side Effects

Common side effects include:

• Gastrointestinal issues: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort.
• Central Nervous System disturbances: headache, dizziness, confusion, seizures, and in rare cases, retinal detachment.
• Hypersensitivity reactions: skin rash, itching, and rare severe reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
• Liver issues: mild increase in liver enzymes, bilirubin, urea, or creatinine levels.
• Risk of hypoglycemia and potential mental health side effects.

Pregnancy and Lactation

• Pregnancy: While no teratogenic effects were seen in animal studies, Ciprofloxacin is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to its potential risks.
• Lactation: Ciprofloxacin is secreted in milk, and it is not recommended for use in nursing mothers due to potential risks to the infant.

Precautions & Warnings

• Use Ciprocin cautiously in patients with a history of CNS disorders, such as epilepsy or arteriosclerosis, as it may increase the risk of seizures.
• Avoid taking Ciprocin with antacids or dairy products, as this can decrease absorption.
• Keep hydrated and follow prescribed dosage for optimal results.

Overdose Effects

• Symptoms of overdose include confusion, seizures, abdominal discomfort, liver or kidney impairment, and possible renal toxicity. Immediate medical attention is required in the event of an overdose.

Therapeutic Class

• Ciprocin is classified under 4-Quinolone preparations and is an antimicrobial drug.

Storage Conditions

Store Ciprocin below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep it out of the reach of children.

Important Information

Always consult your doctor before taking this medication, and follow the prescribed dosage. Do not skip doses or stop the medication early even if you feel better, as this may result in the infection returning or becoming harder to treat.