Clopid 75 mg

Description

Indications
Clopid tablet is prescribed for the management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in individuals with non-ST-segment elevation ACS, including unstable angina (UA) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Additionally, it is used to lower the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in patients experiencing acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

For patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI), recent stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease, Clopid tablet helps decrease the likelihood of MI and stroke.

Use this medication only as directed by a registered physician.

Pharmacology
Clopidogrel is a prodrug that inhibits platelet activation and aggregation. It achieves this by irreversibly binding its active metabolite to the P2Y12 class of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptors on platelets. This inhibition of platelet aggregation is dose-dependent and can be observed within two hours of a single oral dose. Regular administration of 75 mg per day results in initial platelet aggregation inhibition on the first day, with steady-state inhibition achieved between the third and seventh day.

Dosage & Administration

• Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS): Patients requiring rapid antiplatelet effects should begin with an initial oral loading dose of 300 mg (four tablets), followed by a maintenance dose of 75 mg once daily. If no loading dose is used, the onset of antiplatelet activity may be delayed by several days.
• Recent Myocardial Infarction, Recent Stroke, or Established Peripheral Arterial Disease: A dosage of 75 mg once daily is recommended, with no loading dose required.

Clopid tablet can be taken with or without food.

Use this medication only as directed by a registered physician.

Drug Interactions

• Increased Bleeding Risk: Clopid may enhance the risk of bleeding when taken with NSAIDs, warfarin, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
• CYP2C19 Inhibitors: Avoid concurrent use with omeprazole or esomeprazole, as these drugs inhibit CYP2C19 and may reduce Clopid’s effectiveness.
• Repaglinide (CYP2C8 Substrates): Concomitant use with repaglinide should be avoided, as it may lead to increased plasma concentrations of repaglinide.

Contraindications Clopid tablet should not be used in individuals with:

• A known hypersensitivity to clopidogrel or any of its components.
• Active pathological bleeding conditions such as peptic ulcers or intracranial hemorrhage.

Side Effects Clopid is generally well tolerated, but some adverse effects may occur:

• Common: Bleeding, gastrointestinal discomfort, diarrhea, skin reactions, hemorrhage.
• Rare: Anemia, acquired hemophilia, angioedema, arthritis, arthralgia, and bone marrow disorders.

Pregnancy & Lactation There are no well-controlled studies on the use of Clopid in pregnant women. It should only be prescribed during pregnancy if deemed essential. The presence of clopidogrel in human breast milk is unknown. A decision must be made to either discontinue breastfeeding or the medication, considering the importance of treatment for the mother.

Precautions & Warnings

• Clopid is a prodrug requiring conversion into its active metabolite. This process is affected by genetic variations in CYP2C19 metabolism (poor metabolizers) and by drugs that inhibit CYP2C19, such as omeprazole and esomeprazole.
• Since it inhibits platelet aggregation for the lifespan of platelets (7-10 days), Clopid may increase bleeding risk. Platelet transfusions within four hours of the loading dose or two hours of the maintenance dose may be ineffective in restoring normal clotting function.
• Discontinuing Clopid may raise the risk of cardiovascular events. It should be stopped five days before elective surgery with a high bleeding risk and resumed as soon as hemostasis is achieved.
• Cases of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) have been reported, necessitating urgent plasmapheresis (plasma exchange) treatment.
• Hypersensitivity reactions, including rash, angioedema, and hematologic abnormalities, have been observed in patients taking clopidogrel or those with a history of hypersensitivity to thienopyridines.

Use in Special Populations

• The safety and efficacy of Clopid in pediatric patients have not been established.
• No dosage adjustments are required for elderly patients.

Overdose Effects Excessive intake of clopidogrel may lead to an increased risk of bleeding. In case of overdose, platelet transfusions may help restore hemostasis.

Therapeutic Class Antiplatelet agents.

Storage Conditions Store at temperatures below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.