Dialiptin 50 mg

Description

Indications
Dialiptin is prescribed as an adjunct to diet and exercise to enhance glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It can be used as monotherapy or in combination with Metformin, a Sulphonylurea, a Thiazolidinedione, or Insulin when dietary modifications, exercise, and a single antidiabetic agent fail to provide adequate glycemic management.
Use this medication only as directed by a registered physician.

Pharmacology
Vildagliptin, the active ingredient in Dialiptin, is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. It functions by slowing the degradation of incretin hormones, which play a vital role in glucose regulation. Incretin hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are naturally released by the intestine, with levels increasing after meals. These hormones are rapidly broken down by DPP-4. By inhibiting this enzyme, Vildagliptin prolongs the activity of incretins, resulting in increased insulin secretion and reduced glucagon levels in a glucose-dependent manner. This helps lower blood glucose levels by enhancing insulin production and decreasing hepatic glucose output.

Dosage & Administration
The recommended dosage of Vildagliptin depends on its mode of use:

• Monotherapy: 50 mg or 100 mg daily
• Combination with Metformin or a Thiazolidinedione: 50 mg twice daily (morning and evening)
• Combination with a Sulphonylurea: 50 mg once daily (morning)

Vildagliptin can be taken with or without food. No dosage adjustments are needed for elderly patients or those with mild renal impairment.

Pediatric Use: This medication is not recommended for individuals under 18 years of age.
Use this medication only as directed by a registered physician.

Drug Interactions
Clinical studies have shown no significant interactions between Vildagliptin and drugs such as pioglitazone, metformin, glibenclamide, digoxin, warfarin, amlodipine, ramipril, valsartan, or simvastatin. However, the glucose-lowering effect of Dialiptin may be reduced by certain medications, including thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, thyroid medications, and sympathomimetics.

Contraindications
Dialiptin is not recommended for patients with:

• Hypersensitivity to Vildagliptin or any of its components
• Moderate to severe renal impairment
• Liver impairment, especially in patients with pre-treatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels exceeding three times the upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Side Effects
Most reported adverse effects are mild and temporary, typically not requiring discontinuation of treatment. In rare cases, hepatic dysfunction has been observed. Long-term clinical trials extending beyond two years have not indicated any unexpected safety concerns.

Pregnancy & Lactation
Vildagliptin is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Precautions & Warnings

• Use with caution in patients aged 75 years or older due to limited clinical data.
• Liver function tests (LFTs) should be conducted before starting treatment, then every three months for the first year, and periodically thereafter. If abnormal liver enzyme levels persist at 3x ULN, treatment should be discontinued.
• Patients experiencing jaundice or other signs of liver dysfunction should stop using Dialiptin immediately. If liver function normalizes after discontinuation, treatment should not be restarted.
• Limited clinical experience suggests caution when using Dialiptin in patients with congestive heart failure (NYHA Class I-II). It should not be used in patients with NYHA Class III-IV heart failure.

Therapeutic Class
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor

Storage Conditions
Store at a temperature below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.