Duocard 5 mg

Description

Indications
Duocard is primarily used for managing hypertension, aiding in the protection of end-organs from damage caused by high blood pressure. It has been found to be particularly beneficial for elderly patients, as well as those with diabetes and albuminuria. Duocard is also gaining traction in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease.

Hypertension refers to high blood pressure, which occurs when there is excessive force exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries. This increased pressure can lead to damage of the blood vessels over time.
Use the medication as prescribed by a registered physician.

Pharmacology
Cilnidipine, the active ingredient in Duocard, is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It works by binding to specific sites on the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, inhibiting the influx of calcium ions (Ca2+) across the membranes of vascular smooth muscle cells. This action helps relax the muscles and dilate blood vessels, resulting in reduced blood pressure.

Cilnidipine also inhibits calcium influx through N-type voltage-dependent calcium channels present in the sympathetic nerve cells. This effect, similar to its action on L-type channels, prevents the release of norepinephrine from nerve terminals, which helps control blood pressure without significantly increasing heart rate.

Dosage & Administration

• Adults: 5-10 mg once daily, preferably after breakfast. The maximum recommended dose is 20 mg per day.
• Pediatric use: The safety of Cilnidipine in children has not been established.
• Elderly use: Since elderly individuals may be more susceptible to low blood pressure (hypotension), the treatment should start with the lowest possible dose (5 mg).
  Use the medication as prescribed by a registered physician.

Interactions
Duocard may interact with other antihypertensive medications, antipsychotics that cause hypotension, as well as drugs like quinidine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampicin, cimetidine, and erythromycin. Consult your healthcare provider for possible interactions.

Contraindications
Duocard should not be used in patients who have a known allergy to Cilnidipine or any of its ingredients. It is also contraindicated for patients with cardiogenic shock, recent myocardial infarction (MI), acute unstable angina, or severe aortic stenosis.

Side Effects
The most common side effects associated with Duocard include:

• Dizziness
• Flushing
• Headache
• Hypotension
• Peripheral edema (swelling)
• Palpitations
• Gastrointestinal disturbances
• Increased frequency of urination
• Lethargy
• Eye pain
• Depression

Pregnancy & Lactation
Cilnidipine should not be used by pregnant women or those who may be pregnant. It is also not recommended for breastfeeding mothers unless absolutely necessary. If the medication is essential, it is advised to stop breastfeeding during treatment.

Precautions & Warnings
Duocard should be used cautiously in patients with severe liver dysfunction or a history of serious reactions to calcium antagonists. When discontinuing the medication, the dosage should be reduced gradually under medical supervision.

Therapeutic Class
Calcium-channel blockers

Storage Conditions
Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.