Glyriva Respirator Solution 25 mcg/ml

Description

Indications Glycopyrrolate respiratory solution is indicated for the long-term maintenance treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema.

Registered physicians’ advice should be followed while taking this medication.

Pharmacology Glycopyrrolate is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist that has similar affinity to the subtypes of muscarinic receptors M1 to M5. In the airways, it exhibits pharmacological effects through inhibition of the M3 receptor at the smooth muscle, leading to bronchodilation.

Dosage & Administration The Glycopyrronium nebulizer solution is intended only for inhalation with a high-efficiency mesh nebulizer and should not be taken orally or administered parenterally. The recommended dose of Glycopyrrolate is the inhalation of the contents of one ampoule twice daily using a high-efficiency mesh nebulizer. It should be administered at the same times each day, one ampoule in the morning and one in the evening. More frequent administration or a greater number of inhalations (more than one ampoule twice daily) is not recommended.

Store the ampoule in the blister foil and only remove it immediately before use. No dosage adjustment is required for geriatric patients, patients with hepatic impairment, or those with mild to moderate renal impairment.

How to Use:

• Open the packet and remove the blister. Carefully separate an ampoule from the blister.
• Twist off the top while holding the ampoule upright.
• Squeeze the desired amount of the nebulizer solution into the nebulizer chamber.
• If dilution is needed, follow the doctor’s instructions.

Registered physicians’ advice should be followed while taking this medication.

Interaction

• Sympathomimetics and Steroids: In clinical studies, concurrent administration of glycopyrrolate and other COPD medications, including sympathomimetics (long- and short-acting beta2 agonists), anticholinergics (short-acting anti-muscarinic antagonists), and oral and inhaled steroids, showed no increased adverse reactions.
• Anticholinergics: There is a potential for an additive interaction with concomitantly used anticholinergic medications. Avoid unnecessary co-administration of glycopyrrolate with other anticholinergic-containing drugs, as this may lead to an increase in anticholinergic effects.

Contraindications Glycopyrrolate is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to glycopyrrolate or any of its ingredients, including sodium chloride, citric acid monohydrate, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, and water for injection.

Side Effects Commonly reported adverse reactions include:

• Shortness of breath
• Urinary tract infection
• Wheezing
• Upper respiratory tract infection
• Runny nose
• Fatigue

Pregnancy & Lactation There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Glycopyrrolate should only be used during pregnancy if the expected benefit to the patient outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Glycopyrrolate is not indicated for use in children.

Precautions & Warnings

• Do not initiate treatment in acutely deteriorating COPD patients or for treating acute symptoms.
• If paradoxical bronchospasm occurs, discontinue Glycopyrrolate nebulizer solution immediately and institute alternative therapy.
• Use with caution in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma and instruct them to seek immediate medical attention if symptoms occur.
• Use with caution in patients with prostatic hyperplasia or bladder neck obstruction, and advise them to consult a physician immediately if symptoms occur.
• As the product contains no preservative, a fresh ampoule should be used for each dose and opened immediately before administration. Do not store above 25°C.

Overdose Effects An overdose of glycopyrrolate may lead to anticholinergic symptoms such as:

• Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, lightheadedness
• Blurred vision, increased intraocular pressure (causing pain, vision disturbances, or eye redness)
• Obstipation or difficulties in voiding

Therapeutic Class Bronchodilator

Storage Conditions Keep in a dry place and store below 30°C. Protect from light and keep out of reach of children.