Pulmonaaf Tablet 200 mg

Description

Indications
Pulmonaaf is used to treat:

• Bronchial asthma
• Bronchospasm
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Pulmonary disease with a spastic bronchial component

Use this medication only as directed by a registered physician.

Pharmacology
Pulmonaaf contains Doxophylline, a novel bronchodilator structurally distinct from Theophylline due to the presence of a dioxolane group at position 7. It selectively inhibits phosphodiesterase 4, leading to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle. Unlike Theophylline, Doxophylline has a lower affinity for adenosine A1 and A2 receptors, contributing to a better safety profile. Additionally, Doxophylline inhibits platelet-activating factor (PAF) and reduces leukotriene production.

Dosage & Administration

• Elderly: 200 mg tablet two or three times daily.
• Adults: 400 mg tablet two or three times daily, or as prescribed by the physician.
• Children:
  • Over 12 years: 10 ml syrup or 200 mg tablet two or three times daily.
  • 6-12 years: 6-9 mg/kg body weight twice daily (for a child weighing 10 kg, 3 ml (60 mg) twice daily), or as prescribed by the physician.
    If the daily dose of Doxophylline is 400 mg, a sustained-release (SR) tablet should be taken once daily or as prescribed by the physician.

Use this medication only as directed by a registered physician.

Interaction
Pulmonaaf should not be used with other xanthine preparations. Consumption of caffeine-containing foods and beverages should be limited. Caution is advised when using Pulmonaaf with ephedrine or other sympathomimetic drugs. Co-administration with drugs such as erythromycin, TAO, lincomycin, clindamycin, allopurinol, cimetidine, influenza vaccine, and propranolol may reduce hepatic clearance of xanthine derivatives, leading to increased plasma levels. In contrast, phenytoin, other anticonvulsants, and cigarette smoking may enhance xanthine clearance, reducing plasma half-life. In such cases, dosage adjustments may be necessary.

Contraindications
Pulmonaaf is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to Doxophylline or other xanthine derivatives. It is also contraindicated in patients with acute myocardial infarction, hypotension, and during lactation.

Side Effects
Possible side effects of xanthine derivatives include nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, headache, irritability, insomnia, tachycardia, extrasystoles, tachypnea, and, in rare cases, hyperglycemia or albuminuria. Overdose may lead to severe cardiac arrhythmias and tonic-clonic seizures, which could indicate early signs of toxicity. If side effects occur, discontinuation of treatment may be necessary. Treatment can be resumed at lower doses once symptoms subside, as per the physician’s discretion.

Pregnancy & Lactation
Animal studies indicate that Doxophylline does not interfere with prenatal or postnatal growth. However, due to insufficient clinical evidence regarding its effects during pregnancy, its use should be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis based on the risk-benefit ratio. The drug is contraindicated during lactation.

Pulmonaaf does not affect alertness and does not interfere with the ability to drive or operate machinery.

Precautions & Warnings
Several factors can reduce hepatic clearance of xanthine derivatives, leading to increased plasma drug levels. These factors include age, congestive cardiac decompensation, COPD, severe liver disease, infections, and concurrent use of medications like erythromycin, TAO, lincomycin, clindamycin, allopurinol, cimetidine, influenza vaccine, and propranolol. In such cases, dosage reduction and monitoring of blood drug levels are recommended to maintain a therapeutic range.

Caution is advised when administering Pulmonaaf to patients with cardiac disease, hypertension, elderly patients, those with severe hypoxemia, hyperthyroidism, chronic corpulmonale, congestive heart failure, liver disease, peptic ulcers, or renal impairment. In congestive heart failure patients, drug clearance is significantly slower, leading to prolonged high plasma levels even after discontinuation. There is no risk of addiction or dependence.

Overdose Effects
Overdose may cause severe cardiac arrhythmias and tonic-clonic seizures, which could indicate early signs of intoxication. If overdose occurs, symptomatic treatment for cardiovascular collapse should be initiated, as there is no specific antidote. Treatment may be resumed at lower doses once symptoms resolve, under the physician’s guidance.

Therapeutic Class
Bronchodilator, Methyl xanthine derivatives

Storage Conditions
Store in a dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children. Pulmonaaf should only be used under the prescription of a specialist physician.