Xiclav 500 mg+125 mg

Description

Indications: Xiclav is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria, including:

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase producing strains), or Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae (non-beta-lactamase producing strains).
• Lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli.
• Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase-negative strains), or Haemophilus parainfluenzae (beta-lactamase-negative strains).
• Uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by E. coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
• Bone and Joint Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
• Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase-producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
• Early Lyme Disease (erythema migrans) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi.
• Septicemia caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E. coli, Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), and Klebsiella spp.
• Meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), Neisseria meningitidis, and Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase and non-penicillinase-producing strains).

Pharmacology:

• Cefuroxime is a bactericidal second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by interfering with the transpeptidation process.
• Clavulanic Acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that inactivates beta-lactamase enzymes, thereby protecting cefuroxime from degradation and allowing it to be effective against beta-lactam resistant bacteria.

Dosage & Administration:

• Adolescents and adults (13 years and older):
  • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 250 mg twice daily for 5-10 days
  • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 250 mg twice daily for 10 days
  • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: 250-500 mg twice daily for 10 days
  • Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections: 250-500 mg twice daily for 10 days
  • Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 250 mg twice daily for 7-10 days
  • Gonorrhoea: 1000 mg twice daily (single dose)
  • Community-acquired pneumonia: 250-500 mg twice daily for 5-10 days
  • MDR Typhoid Fever: 500 mg twice daily for 10-14 days
  • Early Lyme disease: 500 mg twice daily for 20 days
• Paediatric patients (3 months to 12 years):
  • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 20 mg/kg/day twice daily for 5-10 days
  • Acute Otitis Media: 30 mg/kg/day twice daily for 10 days
  • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 30 mg/kg/day twice daily for 10 days
  • Impetigo: 30 mg/kg/day twice daily for 10 days

Interaction:

• Concomitant administration with probenecid increases the serum concentration of cefuroxime.
• Drugs that reduce gastric acidity may reduce the bioavailability of cefuroxime.

Contraindications:

• Allergy to cephalosporins
• Pseudomembranous colitis

Side Effects:

• Generally well-tolerated, but may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort.
• Rare side effects include renal dysfunction, anaphylaxis, angioedema, pruritis, rash, and urticaria.

Pregnancy & Lactation:

• Safe to use during later pregnancy. Caution advised during the first trimester.
• Excreted in breast milk at low levels; consult a doctor if breastfeeding.

Precautions & Warnings:

• Use with caution in patients receiving diuretics or with a history of colitis.

Storage Conditions:

• Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children