Xyflo 5 mg

Description

Indications: Xyflo is indicated for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma, the acute prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), and the relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), including both seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis.

Pharmacology: Montelukast, the active ingredient in Xyflo, is a selective and orally active leukotriene receptor antagonist that inhibits the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT1). Cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) are products of arachidonic acid metabolism and are released from various cells, including mast cells and eosinophils. These leukotrienes contribute to asthma and allergic rhinitis by causing airway edema, smooth muscle contraction, and inflammation, which lead to the symptoms of these conditions.

Dosage & Administration: For adults and adolescents aged 15 years and older with asthma or seasonal allergic rhinitis, the recommended dosage is a 10 mg tablet once daily. For pediatric patients, the dosage varies by age group: children aged 6 to 14 years should take a 5 mg tablet once daily, while those aged 2 to 5 years should take a 4 mg tablet once daily. For children aged 6 months to 5 years, a 4 mg oral granule formulation is available, which can be taken directly or mixed with cold water or soft food at room temperature. No dosage adjustment is required for patients with mild-to-moderate hepatic insufficiency, renal insufficiency, or elderly patients.

Interaction: Xyflo has been administered with other therapies for asthma and allergic rhinitis without notable increases in adverse reactions. It does not have significant effects on the pharmacokinetics of medications such as theophylline, prednisone, oral contraceptives, terfenadine, digoxin, and warfarin. However, potent cytochrome P450 enzyme inducers like phenobarbital may decrease the drug’s bioavailability by approximately 40%. Although no dosage adjustment is recommended, clinical monitoring is advised when using Xyflo with such medications.

Contraindications: Xyflo is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its components.

Side Effects: Common side effects include diarrhea, fever, gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, and upper respiratory tract infections. Less common side effects include anxiety, dizziness, drowsiness, depression, muscle pain, and sleep disorders. Rare but serious side effects may include angioedema, memory loss, hallucinations, suicidal tendencies, and hepatic disorders.

Pregnancy & Lactation: Montelukast crosses the placenta in animal studies, but there are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women. As a precaution, it should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed. Since the drug may be excreted in human milk, caution is advised for nursing mothers.

Precautions & Warnings: Xyflo is not intended for acute asthma attacks or status asthmaticus. Patients should have appropriate rescue medication available. It should not be abruptly substituted for inhaled or oral corticosteroids. Patients with aspirin sensitivity should continue avoiding aspirin and NSAIDs while on Xyflo. Though effective for airway function improvement, it does not prevent bronchoconstriction in aspirin-sensitive asthmatics.

Overdose Effects: In case of overdose, most reported adverse effects align with the drug’s known safety profile and may include abdominal pain, somnolence, thirst, headache, vomiting, and psychomotor hyperactivity. Supportive treatment should be administered if necessary.

Therapeutic Class: Xyflo belongs to the leukotriene receptor antagonist class of medications.

Storage Conditions: Xyflo should be stored in a cool, dry place below 30°C, away from light and moisture. It should be kept out of reach of children.

Common Questions About Xyflo 5 mg Chewable Tablet: Xyflo is a selective leukotriene receptor antagonist used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis by keeping airways open and reducing inflammation. Its effects begin within 1-3 hours of administration and last approximately 24 hours. It can be taken with or without food. If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as possible unless the next dose is due. In pregnancy, its use should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.

General Instructions: Xyflo should be taken exactly as prescribed by a doctor. It is not a fast-acting rescue medication and should not replace other asthma treatments. Patients should avoid triggers that may worsen asthma. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult a doctor before use.