Xyril 25 mg

Indications

Xyril Hydrochloride is indicated for:

• Providing symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis, as well as serving as an adjunctive treatment in organic disease states where anxiety is a manifestation.
• Managing pruritus due to allergic conditions, such as chronic urticaria and atopic and contact dermatoses, as well as histamine-mediated pruritus.
• Acting as a sedative, especially when used as premedication or following general anesthesia.

Note: The long-term effectiveness (beyond 4 months) of Xyril as an antianxiety agent has not been evaluated through systematic clinical studies. Physicians should periodically reassess the drug’s usefulness for each patient.

Use the medicine as advised by a registered healthcare professional.

Pharmacology

Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride is an anxiolytic antihistamine belonging to the piperazine class and functions as an H1 receptor antagonist. It is not classified as a cortical depressant, but its effects may stem from the suppression of activity in key regions of the subcortical area of the central nervous system. Experimental studies have shown primary skeletal muscle relaxation. Hydroxyzine also exhibits bronchodilator, antihistaminic, and analgesic effects, which have been clinically confirmed. Additionally, it has demonstrated antiemetic properties through the apomorphine and veriloid tests. Hydroxyzine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with clinical effects typically observed within 15 to 30 minutes of oral administration.

Dosage & Administration

For symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension:

• Adults: 50-100 mg four times daily.
• Children (over 6 years): 50-100 mg (5-10 teaspoonfuls) daily, divided into multiple doses.
• Children (under 6 years): 50 mg (5 teaspoonfuls) daily, divided into multiple doses.

For pruritus due to allergic conditions:

• Adults: 25 mg 3 to 4 times daily.
• Children (over 6 years): 50-100 mg (5-10 teaspoonfuls) daily, divided into multiple doses.
• Children (under 6 years): 50 mg (5 teaspoonfuls) daily, divided into multiple doses.

As a sedative (pre-anesthetic and post-anesthesia):

• Adults: 50-100 mg.
• Children: 0.6 mg/kg of body weight.

Use the medicine as advised by a registered healthcare professional.

Interaction

Xyril may enhance the effects of Meperidine and barbiturates, so their usage in pre-anesthetic therapy should be modified on a case-by-case basis. Atropine and other belladonna alkaloids are unaffected by Xyril. The drug does not interfere with the action of digitalis, and it may be used alongside this agent. However, simultaneous use of Xyril with monoamine oxidase inhibitors should be avoided.

Contraindications

Hydroxyzine is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to Hydroxyzine or any of its ingredients.

Side Effects

The side effects of Xyril Hydrochloride are typically mild and transient. Common side effects include:

• Drowsiness
• Headache
• Psychomotor impairment
• Antimuscarinic effects such as urinary retention, dry mouth, blurred vision, and gastrointestinal disturbances.

Rare side effects of antihistamines can include:

• Hypotension, palpitation, arrhythmias
• Extrapyramidal symptoms
• Dizziness, confusion, depression
• Sleep disturbances, tremors, seizures
• Hypersensitivity reactions (including bronchospasm, angioedema, anaphylaxis, rashes, and photosensitivity reactions)
• Blood disorders, liver dysfunction
• Angle-closure glaucoma

Pregnancy & Lactation

Clinical data on the safety of Hydroxyzine in early pregnancy is insufficient. Until more information is available, Hydroxyzine is contraindicated during early pregnancy. It is unknown whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Since many drugs are excreted in breast milk, Hydroxyzine should not be given to nursing mothers.

Precautions & Warnings

When used with central nervous system (CNS) depressants such as narcotics, non-narcotic analgesics, and barbiturates, the potentiating effect of Xyril must be considered. Dosages of these CNS depressants should be adjusted accordingly. Drowsiness is a possible side effect, so patients should be advised not to drive or operate heavy machinery while taking Xyril. The use of alcohol or other CNS depressants concurrently should be avoided, as it may increase the effects of Xyril.

Use in Special Populations

• Renal impairment: In cases of renal impairment, the dosage should be halved.
• Elderly patients: In elderly patients, it is recommended to start with half the usual dose due to the prolonged action of the drug.

Overdose Effects

The most common symptom of Xyril overdose is hypersedation. When managing an overdose, it is important to consider the possibility of multiple substances being ingested. If vomiting has not occurred naturally, it should be induced, followed by gastric lavage. General supportive care, including frequent monitoring of vital signs, is recommended. Although unlikely, if hypotension occurs, it can be managed with intravenous fluids and Levarterenol or Metaraminol. Epinephrine should not be used, as Xyril counteracts its pressor effect.

There is no specific antidote for Xyril overdose, and hemodialysis is unlikely to be effective unless other drugs, like barbiturates, were taken concurrently.

Therapeutic Class

Sedating Anti-histamine

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool, dry place. Protect from light and keep out of reach of childre.