Xyril 25 mg

Description

Indications

Xyril Hydrochloride is used for:

• Anxiety & Tension Relief: Provides symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis and acts as an adjunct in organic diseases where anxiety is present.
• Allergic Pruritus Management: Treats itching caused by allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatoses, and histamine-mediated pruritus.
• Sedation & Pre-Anesthesia Use: Acts as a sedative before and after general anesthesia.

🔹 Long-term use (>4 months) for anxiety has not been clinically evaluated. Regular medical assessment is recommended.

Use under the guidance of a registered physician.

Pharmacology

Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride is a sedating antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist) from the piperazine class. It:

• Suppresses activity in the subcortical regions of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety and inducing sedation.
• Acts as a muscle relaxant, bronchodilator, antihistamine, and mild analgesic.
• Demonstrates antiemetic properties in both experimental and clinical settings.
• Is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with effects seen within 15-30 minutes after oral administration.

Dosage & Administration

For Anxiety & Tension Relief:

• Adults: 50-100 mg, four times daily
• Children (>6 years): 50-100 mg per day in divided doses
• Children (<6 years): 50 mg per day in divided doses

For Pruritus Due to Allergic Conditions:

• Adults: 25 mg, 3-4 times daily
• Children (>6 years): 50-100 mg per day in divided doses
• Children (<6 years): 50 mg per day in divided doses

As a Sedative (Pre-Anesthesia & Post-Anesthesia Use):

• Adults: 50-100 mg
• Children: 0.6 mg/kg of body weight

Follow a registered physician’s advice for dosage adjustments.

Drug Interactions

• Enhances the effects of Meperidine & barbiturates, so pre-anesthetic dosages should be adjusted individually.
• No effect on Atropine or belladonna alkaloids.
• Does not interfere with Digitalis.
• Avoid concurrent use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).

Contraindications

• Not suitable for patients with known hypersensitivity to Hydroxyzine or its ingredients.

Side Effects

• Common: Drowsiness, headache, dry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision, and gastrointestinal disturbances.
• Rare: Hypotension, heart palpitations, arrhythmias, tremors, confusion, depression, sleep disturbances, convulsions, and hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., bronchospasm, rashes, anaphylaxis).

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Early pregnancy: Contraindicated due to insufficient safety data.
• Breastfeeding: Not recommended as it is unknown whether the drug passes into breast milk.

Precautions & Warnings

• CNS Depressants: Enhances the sedative effects of narcotics, non-narcotic analgesics, and barbiturates—adjust dosage accordingly.
• Drowsiness Risk: Patients should avoid driving or operating machinery while using Xyril.
• Avoid Alcohol & CNS Depressants: Effects may be intensified when taken together.

Use in Special Populations

• Renal Impairment: Reduce dosage to half the normal dose.
• Elderly Patients: Start with half the recommended dose due to prolonged drug action.

Overdose Effects

• Common Signs: Excessive sedation.
• Management:
  • Induce vomiting if spontaneous vomiting has not occurred.
  • Perform gastric lavage immediately.
  • Monitor vital signs closely.
  • Manage hypotension with IV fluids or Levarterenol/Metaraminol (avoid Epinephrine).
  • No specific antidote available. Hemodialysis is unlikely to be effective.

Therapeutic Class

• Sedating Antihistamine

Storage Conditions

• Store in a cool, dry place, away from light.
• Keep out of reach of children.