Xyril

Description

Indications

Xyril Hydrochloride is indicated for:

• Anxiety & Tension Relief: Provides symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis and serves as an adjunct in organic diseases where anxiety is present.
• Management of Pruritus: Effectively treats itching due to allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatoses, and histamine-mediated pruritus.
• Sedation & Pre-Anesthesia Use: Acts as a sedative when used as premedication and following general anesthesia.

Note: The effectiveness of Xyril for long-term use (>4 months) as an antianxiety agent has not been assessed through systematic clinical studies. Physicians should periodically reassess the drug’s usefulness for individual patients.

Pharmacology

Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride is an anxiolytic antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist) of the piperazine class. It:

• Suppresses activity in key regions of the subcortical central nervous system, helping reduce anxiety and tension.
• Exhibits primary skeletal muscle relaxation in experimental settings.
• Demonstrates bronchodilator, antihistaminic, analgesic, and antiemetic effects.
• Is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with effects noted within 15-30 minutes after oral administration.

Dosage & Administration

For Anxiety & Tension Relief:

• Adults: 50-100 mg, four times daily
• Children (>6 years): 50-100 mg per day in divided doses
• Children (<6 years): 50 mg per day in divided doses

For Pruritus Due to Allergic Conditions:

• Adults: 25 mg, three to four times daily
• Children (>6 years): 50-100 mg per day in divided doses
• Children (<6 years): 50 mg per day in divided doses

As a Sedative (Premedication & Post-Anesthesia Use):

• Adults: 50-100 mg
• Children: 0.6 mg/kg of body weight

রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ মোতাবেক ঔষধ সেবন করুন।

Drug Interactions

• May potentiate the effects of Meperidine and barbiturates, requiring individual dosage modifications in pre-anesthetic therapy.
• Does not affect Atropine or belladonna alkaloids.
• Can be used concurrently with Digitalis.
• Avoid simultaneous administration with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).

Contraindications

• Not suitable for patients with hypersensitivity to Hydroxyzine or any of its ingredients.

Side Effects

• Common: Drowsiness, headache, dry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision, psychomotor impairment, gastrointestinal disturbances.
• Rare: Hypotension, palpitations, arrhythmias, dizziness, confusion, depression, tremor, convulsions, hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., bronchospasm, angioedema, anaphylaxis, rashes, photosensitivity), blood disorders, liver dysfunction, and angle-closure glaucoma.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Early Pregnancy: Contraindicated due to insufficient clinical safety data.
• Lactation: Should not be used as it is unknown whether Hydroxyzine is excreted in human milk.

Precautions & Warnings

• Enhances the effects of CNS depressants (e.g., narcotics, analgesics, barbiturates), requiring dosage adjustments.
• May cause drowsiness; patients should avoid driving or operating machinery.
• Avoid alcohol and CNS depressants as they may intensify sedation.

Use in Special Populations

• Renal Impairment: Reduce dosage to half the normal dose.
• Elderly Patients: It is recommended to start with half the usual dose due to prolonged drug action.

Overdose Effects

• Common Symptoms: Hypersedation.
• Management:
  • Induce vomiting if spontaneous vomiting has not occurred.
  • Perform gastric lavage immediately.
  • Monitor vital signs closely.
  • Treat hypotension with IV fluids or Levarterenol/Metaraminol (avoid Epinephrine).
  • No specific antidote available. Hemodialysis is unlikely to be effective.

Therapeutic Class

• Sedating Antihistamine

Storage Conditions

• Store in a cool, dry place, away from light.
• Keep out of reach of children.