Zox 500 mg

Description

Indications Zox is prescribed for the treatment of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeba histolytica.

Pharmacology Nitazoxanide is a synthetic antiprotozoal agent administered orally. Its mechanism of action involves interference with the Pyruvate Ferredoxin Oxido Reductase (PFOR) enzyme-dependent electron transfer reaction, which is crucial for anaerobic energy metabolism in protozoa. Nitazoxanide and its metabolite, tizoxanide, have demonstrated in vitro efficacy in inhibiting the growth of Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoites and oocysts, as well as Giardia lamblia trophozoites.

Dosage & Administration

• Children (1-3 years): 5 ml (1 teaspoon) of suspension every 12 hours for 3 days.
• Children (4-11 years): 10 ml (2 teaspoons) of suspension every 12 hours for 3 days.
• Adolescents and Adults (12 years and above): 25 ml (5 teaspoons) of suspension or 1 tablet every 12 hours for 3 days.

It is recommended to take the medication with food for optimal absorption.

Drug Interactions Nitazoxanide is highly bound to plasma proteins; therefore, caution should be exercised when co-administering it with other drugs that are also highly plasma protein-bound and have a narrow therapeutic index.

Contraindications This medication is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to Nitazoxanide or any of its components.

Side Effects The most commonly reported side effects include abdominal pain, vomiting, and headache, which are generally mild and transient. Rare side effects may include nausea, loss of appetite, flatulence, increased appetite, enlarged salivary glands, elevated creatinine and SGPT levels, itching, rhinitis, excessive sweating, dizziness, and urine discoloration.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Pregnancy: Classified as US FDA Pregnancy Category B. While animal studies have not shown adverse effects, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. The drug should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• Lactation: Nitazoxanide has been detected in human breast milk. Therefore, caution should be exercised when administering it to breastfeeding mothers.

Precautions & Warnings Caution is advised when prescribing Zox to patients with hepatic, biliary, or renal disorders.

Therapeutic Class Antiprotozoal and Anti-diarrheal agents.

Storage Conditions Store in a dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of reach of children.